{"id":90,"date":"2020-10-23T14:33:27","date_gmt":"2020-10-23T12:33:27","guid":{"rendered":"\/?page_id=90"},"modified":"2021-01-26T10:21:17","modified_gmt":"2021-01-26T09:21:17","slug":"development-of-gas-analyzers","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/research\/development-of-gas-analyzers\/","title":{"rendered":"Development of Gas Analyzers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span lang=\"it\">The development of our gas analyzers starts from the study of the typical parameters of molecular absorptions (frequency, intensity, width, temperature and pressure dependence), in order to select the best operating conditions (frequency, pressure, temperature, interaction pathlength), the most suitable devices (lasers, detectors, optical components), and the highest Signal\/Noise detection technique (direct absorption, derivative detection, Cavity Ring-Down, Quartz-Enhanced Photo Acoustic Spectroscopy).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Stratospheric Mid-Infrared Analyzer<\/h3>\n<p>We developed a gas analyzer, based on a Quantum Cascade Laser, for the measurement of trace constituents in the upper troposphere\/lower stratosphere.<\/p>\n<p>It was first designed to fly on board of the M55 Geophysica platform (below), and it was recently upgraded to be deployed onboard balloons and other aircraft.<\/p>\n<p>Clilck <a href=\"\/index.php\/research\/development-of-gas-analyzers\/cold-2\/\">HERE<\/a> to access the web page of COLD 2, Carbon Oxide Laser Detector.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"251\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/COLD-2_small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-88\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/COLD-2_small.jpg 500w, https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/COLD-2_small-300x151.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/COLD-2_small-435x218.jpg 435w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>UV, Near\u2013 and Mid-Infrared Analyzers for volcanos monitoring<\/h3>\n<p>Within the frame of <a href=\"http:\/\/co2volc.pi.ingv.it\/\">CO2Volc<\/a> project a family of gas analyzers was developed, for the measurement of several parameters:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>SO<sub>2<\/sub> concentration (UV, LED)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>HF concentration (NIR, DFB diode laser)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>CO<sub>2<\/sub> concentration (NIR, DFB diode laser)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>H<sub>2<\/sub>O concentration (NIR, DFB diode laser)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>HCl concentration and H<sup>37<\/sup>Cl\/H<sup>35<\/sup>Cl isotopic ratio (MIR ICL laser)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All these devices must feature a strong resistence to a very harsch environment, possibility to be operated remotely on the ground (0-3000 m a.s.l.) or on board of aircraft platforms, and insensitivity to external temperatures in the range 0-50 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>The SO<sub>2<\/sub> analyzer includes a grating spectrometer, while the other two are based on the direct absorption detection technique.<\/p>\n<p>All the instruments, though with reduced performances for HCl, were gathered in a 3 kg device, suitable for installation onboard drones.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"466\" height=\"536\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/SPHERES__image457.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/SPHERES__image457.png 466w, https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/SPHERES__image457-261x300.png 261w, https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/SPHERES__image457-435x500.png 435w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px\" \/><figcaption>HCl analyzer at the edge of the North-East Crater of Etna<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Drone.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-177\" width=\"580\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Drone.jpg 600w, https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Drone-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Drone-435x326.jpg 435w, https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Drone-80x60.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><figcaption>Suite of analyzers for HCl, HF, CO<sub>2<\/sub>, H<sub>2<\/sub>O and SO<sub>2<\/sub> onboard a drone<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The development of our gas analyzers starts from the study of the typical parameters of molecular absorptions (frequency, intensity, width, temperature and pressure dependence), in order to select the best [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":82,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/page_fullwidth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-90","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","clearfix"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/90","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/90\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":346,"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/90\/revisions\/346"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spheres.ino.cnr.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}